Guhindura umuriro wumuriro ningirakamaro kugirango ugere kubikorwa byiza muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu. Haba mu kuzimya umuriro cyangwa gukoresha inganda, buri kintu gisaba ibintu byihariye kugirango gikemure ibyifuzo byihariye. Kurugero, muri 2020, amazu y’umuriro yagize uruhare runini mu bice birenga 70% by’umuriro w’amashyamba muri Amerika, bigera ku ntera ishimishije 95% mu kurwanya iyi nkongi. Ibi birerekana uburyo ibisubizo byateganijwe bishobora kuzamura imikorere myiza.

Inzu yumuriro iraboneka mubunini butandukanye, harimo DN25-DN100, kandi bikozwe mubikoresho biramba nka PVC, PU, ​​na EPDM. Ihitamo ryibikoresho nubunini bidushoboza guhuza ama shitingi nibisabwa byumuvuduko wihariye, igipimo cyimiterere, nibidukikije. Muguhitamo ibiranga nkuburebure, diameter, hamwe no guhuza, turemeza guhuza nibikoresho no kubahiriza ibipimo byaho. Ibi ntabwo byongera umutekano gusa ahubwo binongera igihe kirekire nubuzima bwa firehose.

Ibyingenzi

• Guhindura amazu yumuriro bituma bakora neza kubikorwa byihariye.
• Gutoranya ibikoresho nka PVC, PU, ​​cyangwa EPDM bituma ama hose akomera.
• Kumenya igitutu nibikenewe bifasha ingofero gukora neza mugihe cyihutirwa.
• Kugenzura no gutunganya amabati akenshi birinda umutekano kandi bimara igihe kirekire.
• Kwandika impinduka no gukosora bifasha kubona ibibazo hakiri kare.

Gusuzuma ibikenewe

Kumenya Intego

Porogaramu yo kuzimya umuriro

Iyo utegura umuriro wo kuzimya umuriro, burigihe ntangira gusuzuma intego yibanze. Kurwanya inkongi y'umuriro bisaba amabati ashobora gukemura ikibazo cy'amazi menshi kandi akihanganira ibihe bikabije. Kurugero, muri 2020, amazu yumuriro yagize uruhare runini mugucunga hejuru ya 70% yumuriro w’amashyamba muri Amerika, kugera ku ntsinzi irenga 95%. Ibi birerekana akamaro ko gukoresha ama shitingi arambye kandi akora neza mubihe nkibi. Ibikoresho nka PVC, PU, ​​na EPDM bikoreshwa cyane kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya kwambara mugihe cyoherejwe.

Imikoreshereze y’inganda n’ubuhinzi

Mu nganda n’ubuhinzi, amazu yumuriro akora ibintu byinshi. Harimo kuhira, guhererekanya imiti, no guhagarika ivumbi. Inzego z’ubwubatsi n’inganda zatumye isi ikenera amazu y’umuriro, cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere aho ibikorwa byo kubaka byiyongera vuba. Nzi neza ko ama hosse yiyi porogaramu yujuje ibisabwa byihariye, nko kurwanya imiti no guhinduka, kugirango bikore neza mubidukikije bitandukanye.

Kugena Ibyingenzi Bisabwa

Igitutu nigipimo gikenewe

Gusobanukirwa umuvuduko nigipimo cyibisabwa ni ngombwa. Kurugero, ibitero byibitero bigomba kwihanganira umuvuduko wimikorere igera kuri 300 psi, mugihe pompe zumuriro zigomba gutanga byibuze 65% byumuvuduko ukabije kuri 150% byurugendo. Buri gihe ngenzura ibi bisobanuro kugirango menye neza ko hose itanga imikorere myiza mugihe cyihutirwa.

Uburebure na Diameter Ibitekerezo (DN25-DN100)

Uburebure na diameter ya firehose bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere. Mubisanzwe ndasaba ingano kuva kuri DN25 kugeza DN100, bitewe na porogaramu. Dimetero ntoya ninziza yo gutura mu nganda cyangwa yoroheje mu nganda, mugihe diameter nini ijyanye nibisabwa cyane mukuzimya umuriro cyangwa kuhira imyaka.

Gusobanukirwa Ibidukikije

Ubushyuhe no Kurwanya Ikirere

Ibidukikije bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo hose. Inzu yumuriro igomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije nikirere kibi. Kurugero, kurwanya ubushyuhe byemeza imikorere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwumuriro, mugihe kurwanya abrasion birinda ahantu habi. Izi ngingo zigira uruhare rutaziguye kuramba no gukora neza.

Imiti ihura nigihe kirekire

Mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda, ama hose akenshi ahura nimiti ishobora gutera ruswa. Nshyize imbere ibikoresho nka EPDM na PU kubirwanya imiti iruta iyindi. Ibi byemeza ko hose ikomeza gukora kandi iramba, ndetse no mubihe bibi. Kubungabunga buri gihe no kugenzura nabyo bifasha kwirinda kwangirika hakiri kare.

Guhitamo Ubwoko bwa Hose

Incamake y'ibikoresho bya Fire Hose

Ibikoresho bya PVC, PU, ​​na EPDM

Muguhitamo firehose, burigihe ntekereza kubanza ibikoresho. PVC, PU, ​​na EPDM nibikoresho bisanzwe bitewe nigihe kirekire kandi bihuza n'imiterere. Amashanyarazi ya PVC yoroheje kandi ahendutse, bigatuma akoreshwa mubikorwa rusange-bigamije. Ku rundi ruhande, amapine ya PU atanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduka no kurwanya abrasion, bikaba byiza mu nganda n’ubuhinzi. EPDM ihiga indashyikirwa mubihe bikabije, itanga ubushyuhe burenze urugero hamwe n’imiti irwanya imiti.

Ibyiza n'ibibi bya buri kintu

Buri kintu gifite imbaraga nimbibi. Kugufasha guhitamo, navuze muri make imikorere yabo mumeza ikurikira:

Guhitamo Ingano ikwiye

Ibipimo bisanzwe (DN25-DN100) nikoreshwa ryabyo

Inzu yumuriro iza mubunini butandukanye, mubisanzwe kuva kuri DN25 kugeza DN100. Dimetero ntoya, nka DN25 na DN40, ziratunganye kugirango zikoreshwe mu nganda cyangwa zoroheje. Ibipimo binini, nka DN65 na DN100, bikwiranye neza na porogaramu nyinshi, nko kuzimya umuriro cyangwa kuhira imyaka.

Guhuza ingano kubisabwa bikenewe

Guhitamo ingano ikwiye biterwa nigipimo gikenewe nigitutu. Kurugero, hose ya 1½-santimetero itanga litiro 200 kumunota (gpm) kuri 50 psi ariko ikagira igihombo cyo guterana kwa 96 psi kuri metero 100. Ibinyuranyo, shitingi ya 1¾-santimetero igumana umuvuduko umwe nigitutu hamwe no kugabanya umuvuduko wo kugabanuka wa 62 psi kuri metero 100. Ibi birerekana uburyo diameter nini zishobora kunoza imikorere mugihe cyibikorwa.

Urebye Ibara rya Hose n'ibipimo

Umweru na shitingi itukura

Ibara ryumuriro akenshi ryerekana imikoreshereze yabyo. Amabati yera akoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda cyangwa ubuhinzi, mugihe amabati atukura asanzwe mukuzimya umuriro. Buri gihe nemeza ko ibara rihuza na porogaramu kugirango nirinde urujijo mugihe cyihutirwa.

Ibipimo byo kurinda umuriro byaho

Kubahiriza ibipimo byo kurinda umuriro byaho ntibishobora kuganirwaho. Ibipimo ngenderwaho ntibisobanura imikorere ya hose gusa ahubwo binagaragaza guhuza na hydrants hamwe no guhuza. Kurugero, amabwiriza ya NFPA yemeza ko yiteguye gukora kandi yubahirizwa n amategeko, aribyingenzi muburyozwe hamwe nubwishingizi.

Guhitamo ibiranga Hose

Guhindura Abashakanye

Ubwoko bwo guhuza (urudodo, guhuza-vuba, nibindi)

Abashakanye bafite uruhare runini mu gutuma umuriro uhuza ibindi bikoresho. Nkunze guhitamo hagati yumurongo wihuse kandi wihuse guhuza nkurikije porogaramu. Ihuriro rifite insanganyamatsiko, nka NH (National Hose) cyangwa BSP (British Standard Pipe), itanga ihuza ryizewe kandi ridashobora kumeneka, bigatuma biba byiza mubihe byumuvuduko mwinshi. Kwihuza byihuse, kurundi ruhande, byemerera guhuza byihuse no gutandukana, nibyingenzi mugihe cyihutirwa. Ubwoko bwombi buraboneka mubikoresho nkumuringa cyangwa aluminium kugirango birambe.

Kugenzura niba ibikoresho bihuye

Mugihe uhitamo guhuza, buri gihe ngenzura niba bihuye nibikoresho bihari. Ibi bikubiyemo kugenzura ubwoko bwurudodo, ingano, hamwe nubuziranenge bwokwirinda umuriro. Kurugero, umuriro wa DN65 hamwe no guhuza byihuse bigomba guhuza ibisobanuro bya hydrant kugirango byemeze neza. Iyi ntambwe irinda gutinda mubikorwa bikomeye kandi byongera imikorere muri rusange.

Guhindura amajwi

Ubwoko bwa nozzles n'imikorere yabyo

Nozzles igena uburyo amazi atangwa mugihe cyibikorwa. Mubisanzwe nkorana na bore yoroshye hamwe no guhuza nozzles. Byoroheje bore nozzles itanga umugezi wibanze, bigatuma ukora amazi maremare. Gukomatanya nozzles bitanga ibintu byinshi, bituma abakoresha bahinduranya hagati yinzira igororotse hamwe nibicu. Ihindagurika ryerekana ko ari ntangarugero mu bihe bisaba ibisobanuro byuzuye ndetse no mu karere.

Guhitamo amajwi kubikorwa byihariye

Guhitamo nozzle iburyo biterwa numurimo urimo. Kurugero, Ndasaba inama ya bore nozzles yo kuzimya umuriro ahantu hafunguye kubera imbaraga zabo nyinshi. Gukomatanya nozzles bikora neza ahantu hafunzwe aho imiterere yibicu ishobora guhagarika umuriro no kugabanya ubushyuhe. Guhuza ubwoko bwa nozzle kuri porogaramu bitanga imikorere myiza n'umutekano.

Ubudozi Uburebure na Diameter

Gukata ama shitingi kuburebure bwifuzwa

Guhindura uburebure bwa firehose byongera imikoreshereze yabyo. Nkunze gutema ama shitingi kuburebure bwihariye nkurikije ibikorwa bikenewe. Kurugero, shitingi ya metero 200 nibyiza mukuzimya umuriro mumijyi, mugihe uburebure bugufi bukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda. Uburyo bukwiye bwo gukata butuma impande zisukuye, zirinda kumeneka no gukomeza ubusugire bwimiterere.

Guhindura diameter kubisabwa bitemba

Diameter ya firehose igira ingaruka itaziguye umuvuduko wacyo nigitutu. Mubisanzwe ndasaba ingano kuva kuri DN25 kugeza DN100, bitewe na porogaramu. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe, nkibizamini bya Metro Fire, byerekana uburyo guhindura uburebure bwa hose na diameter byorohereza urujya n'uruza. Kurugero, hose ya metero 150 hamwe na 15/16-santimetero yoroshye ya bore nozzle itanga gpm 180 kuri psi 50 ariko ikamanuka kuri 150 gpm hamwe na kinks. Aya makuru ashimangira akamaro ko guhitamo diameter iburyo kugirango imikorere ihamye.

Kwipimisha hamwe nubwishingizi bufite ireme

Gukora ibizamini by'imikorere

Kwipimisha igitutu kumeneka

Buri gihe ntangira ubwishingizi bufite ireme nkora ibizamini byingutu kugirango menye ibishobora gutemba. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo kugobotora amashanyarazi hejuru yubushobozi bwayo. Kurugero, ibitero byibitero byapimwe kuri 300 psi bipimisha kuri 400 psi kugirango barebe ko biramba mubihe bikabije. Iyi ntambwe yemeza ko hose ishobora gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa nta gutsindwa.

Kugenzura igipimo cyerekana

Igeragezwa ryikigereranyo ningirakamaro. Napima igipimo cyo gutanga amazi munsi yumuvuduko wa nozzle kugirango hemezwe ko hose yujuje ubuziranenge. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibisubizo bisanzwe bivuye mubizamini byikigereranyo:

Ibi bizamini byemeza ko hose itanga imikorere ihamye, ndetse no mubihe bitandukanye.

Kugenzura ibipimo byumutekano

Kubahiriza amabwiriza yaho

Gukurikiza amabwiriza yumutekano waho ntabwo biganirwaho. Nkurikiza amabwiriza ya NFPA 1962, agaragaza ibisabwa no kugenzura ibisabwa kugirango umuriro. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza ko ibikorwa byiteguye kandi byubahirizwa n'amategeko. Kwipimisha buri gihe birinda kunanirwa bishobora kuganisha ku bihe bibi, nka hose gukubita ibiboko bitagabanije mugihe cyo gukoresha.

Kugenzura inenge yibintu

Igenzura rigaragara rifite uruhare runini mu kubungabunga umutekano. Ndagenzura ibyangiritse, kwambara, nizindi nenge zishobora guhungabanya ubusugire bwa hose. Iyi ntambwe ituma hose ikomeza gukora mugihe gikabije, ikarinda abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro nabenegihugu.

Inama: Kugenzura buri gihe no kubahiriza ibipimo bya NFPA byongera umutekano kandi bikongerera igihe cyo gutwika umuriro.

Kwandika

Kubika inyandiko zahinduwe

Nkomeza inyandiko zirambuye kubintu byose byihariye, harimo impinduka kuburebure, diameter, hamwe no guhuza. Izi nyandiko zitanga amateka asobanutse yo guhindura, aringirakamaro mugukomeza kubungabunga no gukemura ibibazo.

Gukora ibiti byo kubungabunga

Gutunganya neza gahunda yo kubungabunga ikurikirana imikorere ikanagaragaza ibibazo bishobora kuvuka hakiri kare. Mvugurura iyi logi buri gihe, nkareba ubugenzuzi, gusana, hamwe nubugenzuzi bwimikorere. Ubu buryo butunganijwe butuma ibyemezo bifatwa neza kandi bikomeza kunozwa.

Icyitonderwa: Inyandiko zukuri ntizongera imikorere gusa ahubwo inagabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga igihe kirekire.

Kubungabunga no Kubungabunga

Isuku n'Ububiko

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora isuku kubikoresho bitandukanye

Kwoza amazu yumuriro neza nibyingenzi kugirango bakomeze imikorere yabo kandi bongere ubuzima bwabo. Buri gihe nkurikiza ibyifuzo byabashinzwe gukora isuku no gukama, kuko ibi bituma ibikoresho bigumana ubunyangamugayo. Amabati akozwe muri PVC, amazi yoroheje kandi ashyushye akora neza kugirango akureho umwanda n imyanda. Amabati ya PU na EPDM, kuba arwanya imiti, arashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye byogusukura mugihe bibaye ngombwa. Nyuma yo gukora isuku, ndemeza ko ama shitingi yumye neza kugirango wirinde gukura cyangwa kwangirika.

• Kubika neza birinda kwangirika no kurinda umutekano.
• Umwuka uhagije mugihe cyo kubika ukwirakwiza ibintu byangiza byinjizwa na hose.
• Gukurikiza amabwiriza yisuku yongerera ubuzima imikorere ya hose.

Kubika amabati kugirango wirinde kwangirika

Ububiko bugira uruhare runini mukuzigama amazu yumuriro. Buri gihe mbika amase ahantu hakonje, humye, kure yizuba ryinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Kumanika ingofero kumurongo birinda kinks kandi bigabanya imihangayiko kubintu. Kububiko bwigihe kirekire, ndasaba kuzunguruka hose kugirango ugumane imiterere kandi wirinde guhangayika bitari ngombwa.

Ubugenzuzi busanzwe

Kugenzura imyambarire

Igenzura risanzwe rifasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuba mbere yuko byiyongera. Ndasuzuma amacenga kubice, gukuramo, cyangwa ibimenyetso bya ruswa. Ibikoresho bigenzurwa kugirango bikomere kandi bitemba, mugihe umuvuduko wa sisitemu ukurikiranwa kubitagenda neza. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibice byingenzi byibandwaho kugenzura:

Gusimbuza ibice byangiritse

Iyo mbonye ibice byangiritse, ndabisimbuza ako kanya kugirango nirinde guhungabanya imikorere ya hose. Kurugero, impuzu zishaje cyangwa izuru zirashobora kuganisha kumeneka cyangwa kugabanya imikorere. Gusimburwa byihuse byemeza ko hose ikomeza gukora mugihe cyihutirwa.

Kwagura ubuzima bwa Hose

Inama zo kwirinda kwambara imburagihe

Kwirinda kwambara imburagihe bisaba uburyo bufatika. Ndinze gukurura ingofero hejuru yubusa kandi nkemeza ko zidahuye nibintu bikarishye. Gukoresha amaboko yo gukingira ahantu hahanamye cyane bigabanya ibyangiritse. Gusukura buri gihe no kubika neza nabyo bigira uruhare runini mu kwagura ubuzima bwa serivisi ya hose.

Guteganya kubungabunga umwuga

Guteganya kubungabunga umwuga ni ngombwa kugirango wizere. Abakozi bahuguwe bakora igenzura ryerekanwa nigeragezwa kugirango bamenye ibibazo byihishe. Gukurikiza amahame ya NFPA mugihe cyubu bugenzuzi byemeza ubusugire bwa hose. Ndasaba gushiraho protocole isobanutse neza no gutanga ibikoresho kubikoresho bikwiye hamwe nabatekinisiye babishoboye. Kubungabunga buri gihe ntabwo birinda kunanirwa gusa ahubwo binongera imikorere ya hose mugihe cyibikorwa bikomeye.

Inama: Kubungabunga buri gihe no kugenzura umwuga bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kunanirwa kwa hose, kurinda umutekano no kwizerwa.

Guhitamo inkongi yumuriro ikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi zingenzi, uhereye mugusuzuma ibyifuzo bikenewe kugeza guhitamo ibikoresho byiza, ingano, nibiranga. Kwipimisha no kubungabunga byemeza ko ayo mazu akora neza mugihe cyihutirwa. Kugenzura buri gihe no kubahiriza ibipimo byumutekano birinda kunanirwa no kongera igihe cyabo.

• Muri 2020, amazu y’umuriro yagenzuye hejuru ya 70% y’umuriro w’amashyamba muri Amerika, agera kuri 95%. Ariko, gukoresha nabi no kubungabunga bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi.
• Amabwiriza akomeye y’umutekano w’umuriro n’ibipimo bya NFPA byerekana ko hakenewe ubumenyi bwumwuga muguhindura bigoye.

Abajyanama b'inzobere bareba kubahiriza, umutekano, no gukora neza murwego rwo hejuru.

Ibibazo

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo gukora bwumuriro?

Umuvuduko usanzwe wakazi kumatara yumuriro mubisanzwe uri hagati yumurongo 8 kugeza 18. Buri gihe ndasaba kugenzura ibisabwa byingutu bishingiye kubigenewe kugirango umutekano urusheho gukora neza.

Inzu yumuriro irashobora gutegurwa uburebure bwihariye na diameter?

Nibyo, inzu yumuriro irashobora guhuzwa nuburebure bwihariye na diametre, kuva kuri DN25 kugeza DN100. Nagabanije ama shitingi kuburebure bwifuzwa kandi mpindura diametre kugirango nuzuze ibisabwa nigitutu cyibisabwa bitandukanye.

Nibihe bikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi?

Inzu yumuriro ikorwa kuvaPVC, PU, ​​cyangwa EPDM. Buri bikoresho bitanga inyungu zidasanzwe. Kurugero, PVC yoroheje, PU irwanya abrasion, kandi EPDM irusha ubushyuhe nubushakashatsi bwimiti. Nahisemo ibikoresho nkurikije ibidukikije nibikorwa.

Nigute nakwemeza guhuza hagati ya hose hamwe?

Kugirango ubashe guhuza, ngenzura ubwoko bwo guhuza, ingano yumurongo, hamwe nubuziranenge bwo kurinda umuriro. Guhuza ibi bisobanuro byemeza guhuza umutekano kandi bikarinda gutinda mubikorwa bikomeye.

Kuki inzu yumuriro iboneka mumabara atandukanye?

Inzu yumuriro iza yera cyangwa umutuku kugirango yerekane imikoreshereze yabo. Amabati yera asanzwe agenewe inganda cyangwa ubuhinzi, mugihe ama shitingi atukura asanzwe mukuzimya umuriro. Buri gihe mpuza ibara na porogaramu kugirango nirinde urujijo mugihe cyihutirwa.